The recently released Cox report highlights the national security threat posed by exports of high-performance computers (HPCs). When diverted to military use, HPCs can speed the development of advanced missile and nuclear weapons technology. In an increasingly globalized industry, however, unilateral restrictions on exports may not always be effective. Some claim they harm an industrial sector that contributes mightily to our military superiority, without actually denying equipment to suspect nations. Moreover, increasing processing power will soon lead to consumer desktop machines that, under current regulations, would be classified as "supercomputers" for export purposes, further complicating the problem.